Born in 1940 in Bolivia, of Spanish ancestry, Rafael Puente earned his baccalaureate in Spain at the Colegio Apostol Santiago in Vigo. He later entered the Jesuit order and began to teach. Afterwards, he returned to Bolivia as a missionary and was converted there into a revolutionary priest.
A militant leftist, he was expelled by the Jesuits. When Evo Morales was elected President of Bolivia, he named Puente as his Interior Minister, but was forced to dismiss him within 8 months due to Puente's harsh words against the President of Paraguay, Nicanor Duarte, following a border incident. The diplomatic conflict was so serious that it almost provoked a second Chaco war between Bolivia and Paraguay.
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